core

SKILL.md

@json-render/core

Core package for schema definition, catalog creation, and spec streaming.

Key Concepts

Schema: Defines the structure of specs and catalogs (use defineSchema)

Catalog: Maps component/action names to their definitions (use defineCatalog)

Spec: JSON output from AI that conforms to the schema

SpecStream: JSONL streaming format for progressive spec building

Experimental Decision-Model Composition

For decision-model composition, import experimental_composeSpec and experimental_createEvaluator from @json-render/core. These APIs are unreleased; use a source build until published, then pin exact versions. Experimental exports and Experimental_ types can change in any release.

Run the Gateway evaluator server-side with { model: "typesafe-ai/jev", apiKey: process.env.AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY! }. A plain model identifier is required; Jev is the current example; do not import a provider constructor.

Call experimental_composeSpec({ catalog, candidates, prompt, evaluate, initialState, signal }). It is an async generator; stream step.spec snapshots to your existing renderer and inspect complete.stopReason (finish, limit, unavailable). Errors and cancellation throw; retain the last snapshot as partial UI.

New trees default to strategy: "batch": one evaluation selects root/membership, then a second arranges the selected elements when needed. The first snapshot contains selected content in catalog order under the root's default/first slot. Resource variants share one exclusive question; repeated counts include the root. Root selection takes precedence over conflicting speculative membership for that recipe/resource. Equal sibling positions retain catalog order. Combined layouts are validated before publication; cycles or excessive depth throw. maxElements caps batched creation (default 32). Limit-truncated selections or a missing required layout call return limit. Use strategy: "sequential" for legacy next/parent adapters or sequential creation. Edits stay sequential.

Batched trace steps use choice: "select" | "layout" and an answers record. Count each trace as one evaluation, including its tokens and latency once. Custom evaluators must answer every offered question; names/choices are opaque and include root/select_*, then parent_*/order_* for batches.

For follow-up edits, pass the selected version as initialSpec. It is cloned and validated; the evaluator may add, replace, remove non-root subtrees, or move/reorder them. Unchanged IDs, bindings, and state are preserved. Optional elementDescriptions shares identifying descriptions without exposing raw props/state. initialState overrides the seed state. Seeds must be valid trees within the catalog, expression subset, and depth limit. Matching recipes consume usage/resource limits; removals/replacements release them. Replacements/moves use two evaluations (select target, then recipe/destination), each counted against the budget. Treat operation and position keys as opaque.

Supply atomic candidates with { id, description, element: { type, props, on?, visible? }, root?, maxUses?, resource? }. Catalog alone is insufficient: the app must supply values and binding recipes. Jev chooses elements and parent slots, never free-form text or code. It never executes actions.

Candidates are configured component instances, not page templates. Build them from current app records/operations or bind props to initialState; offer explicit alternatives for chart types, field configurations, and layout variants. The model chooses grouping and order within those options. Name required sections in prompts; structural validity does not imply semantic completeness.

V1 supports flat Spec catalogs, named slots, literals, $state, $bindState, and state visibility. No prebuilt children, repeat/watch, computed/template/conditional props, or custom directives. Success/error callbacks must reference allowed actions. Events must be declared in the component catalog.

Props and action params are validated against initial state without applying schema transforms/defaults. Supply valid initial values and validate/authorize action calls at runtime. Built-ins without parameter schemas get name validation only.

root defaults true, maxUses defaults one, shared resource values make alternatives mutually exclusive. Defaults: 32 evaluations (terminal calls included; no extra finish call for batches), depth eight, 10-second Gateway timeout per call. Supply an overall abort signal.

Candidate descriptions, prompt, instructions, topology, and explicit context are sent to the evaluator. Initial state and raw props/binding values are not sent automatically.

For custom providers implement Experimental_CompositionEvaluator: accept { state, questions, signal }, return { answers: { [question]: { choice, confidence? } }, usage?: { inputTokens? } }. Only return offered criteria keys.

See packages/core/README.md and /docs/jev for app integration and source-build instructions. The web playground is an example consumer, not a dependency of the API.

Defining a Schema

import { defineSchema } from "@json-render/core";

export const schema = defineSchema((s) => ({
  spec: s.object({
    // Define spec structure
  }),
  catalog: s.object({
    components: s.map({
      props: s.zod(),
      description: s.string(),
    }),
  }),
}), {
  promptTemplate: myPromptTemplate, // Optional custom AI prompt
});

Creating a Catalog

import { defineCatalog } from "@json-render/core";
import { schema } from "./schema";
import { z } from "zod";

export const catalog = defineCatalog(schema, {
  components: {
    Button: {
      props: z.object({
        label: z.string(),
        variant: z.enum(["primary", "secondary"]).nullable(),
      }),
      description: "Clickable button component",
    },
  },
});

Generating AI Prompts

const systemPrompt = catalog.prompt(); // Uses schema's promptTemplate
const systemPrompt = catalog.prompt({ customRules: ["Rule 1", "Rule 2"] });

SpecStream Utilities

For streaming AI responses (JSONL patches):

import { createSpecStreamCompiler } from "@json-render/core";

const compiler = createSpecStreamCompiler<MySpec>();

// Process streaming chunks
const { result, newPatches } = compiler.push(chunk);

// Get final result
const finalSpec = compiler.getResult();

Form Values in Action Handlers

Use findFormValue("email", params, state) to read a direct parameter, a dotted parameter key (such as "form.email"), a matching flat state key, or a slash-delimited path (such as "/form/email") in nested state. Parameter values are literal, so emails and URLs containing dots are preserved. For action bindings that read nested state, use { $state: "/form/email" }; the resolver passes that value to the handler. A bare "email" field name does not search nested state.form.email.

Dynamic Prop Expressions

Any prop value can be a dynamic expression resolved at render time:

{ "$state": "/state/key" } - reads a value from the state model (one-way read)

{ "$bindState": "/path" } - two-way binding: reads from state and enables write-back. Use on the natural value prop (value, checked, pressed, etc.) of form components.

{ "$bindItem": "field" } - two-way binding to a repeat item field. Use inside repeat scopes.

{ "$cond": <condition>, "$then": <value>, "$else": <value> } - evaluates a visibility condition and picks a branch

{ "$template": "Hello, ${/user/name}!" } - interpolates ${/path} references with state values

{ "$computed": "fnName", "args": { "key": <expression> } } - calls a registered function with resolved args

$cond uses the same syntax as visibility conditions ($state, eq, neq, not, arrays for AND). $then and $else can themselves be expressions (recursive).

Components do not use a statePath prop for two-way binding. Instead, use { "$bindState": "/path" } on the natural value prop (e.g. value, checked, pressed).

{
  "color": {
    "$cond": { "$state": "/activeTab", "eq": "home" },
    "$then": "#007AFF",
    "$else": "#8E8E93"
  },
  "label": { "$template": "Welcome, ${/user/name}!" },
  "fullName": {
    "$computed": "fullName",
    "args": {
      "first": { "$state": "/form/firstName" },
      "last": { "$state": "/form/lastName" }
    }
  }
}

import { resolvePropValue, resolveElementProps } from "@json-render/core";

const resolved = resolveElementProps(element.props, { stateModel: myState });

State Watchers

Elements can declare a watch field (top-level, sibling of type/props/children) to trigger actions when state values change:

{
  "type": "Select",
  "props": { "value": { "$bindState": "/form/country" }, "options": ["US", "Canada"] },
  "watch": {
    "/form/country": { "action": "loadCities", "params": { "country": { "$state": "/form/country" } } }
  },
  "children": []
}

Watchers only fire on value changes, not on initial render.

Validation

Built-in validation functions: required, email, url, numeric, minLength, maxLength, min, max, pattern, matches, equalTo, lessThan, greaterThan, requiredIf.

Cross-field validation uses $state expressions in args:

import { check } from "@json-render/core";

check.required("Field is required");
check.matches("/form/password", "Passwords must match");
check.lessThan("/form/endDate", "Must be before end date");
check.greaterThan("/form/startDate", "Must be after start date");
check.requiredIf("/form/enableNotifications", "Required when enabled");

User Prompt Builder

Build structured user prompts with optional spec refinement and state context:

import { buildUserPrompt } from "@json-render/core";

// Fresh generation
buildUserPrompt({ prompt: "create a todo app" });

// Refinement with edit modes (default: patch-only)
buildUserPrompt({ prompt: "add a toggle", currentSpec: spec, editModes: ["patch", "merge"] });

// With runtime state
buildUserPrompt({ prompt: "show data", state: { todos: [] } });

Available edit modes: "patch" (RFC 6902 JSON Patch), "merge" (RFC 7396 Merge Patch), "diff" (unified diff).

Spec Validation

Validate spec structure and auto-fix common issues:

import { validateSpec, autoFixSpec } from "@json-render/core";

const { valid, issues } = validateSpec(spec);
// issues include: missing_child, invalid_visible (malformed conditions),
// repeat_without_children, repeat_item_outside_scope, repeat_state_mismatch

const { spec: fixed, fixDetails } = autoFixSpec(spec);
// fixDetails entries are { message, lossy }. Lossless fixes relocate
// misplaced fields; lossy fixes prune dangling children references.
// In a repair loop, withhold lossy fixes until retries are exhausted:
const attempt = autoFixSpec(spec, { lossy: retriesExhausted });

Visibility Conditions

Control element visibility with state-based conditions. VisibilityContext is { stateModel: StateModel }.

import { visibility } from "@json-render/core";

// Syntax
{ "$state": "/path" }                    // truthiness
{ "$state": "/path", "not": true }      // falsy
{ "$state": "/path", "eq": value }      // equality
[ cond1, cond2 ]                         // implicit AND

// Helpers
visibility.when("/path")                 // { $state: "/path" }
visibility.unless("/path")               // { $state: "/path", not: true }
visibility.eq("/path", val)              // { $state: "/path", eq: val }
visibility.and(cond1, cond2)             // { $and: [cond1, cond2] }
visibility.or(cond1, cond2)              // { $or: [cond1, cond2] }
visibility.always                        // true
visibility.never                         // false

Built-in Actions in Schema

Schemas can declare builtInActions -- actions that are always available at runtime and auto-injected into prompts:

const schema = defineSchema(builder, {
  builtInActions: [
    { name: "setState", description: "Update a value in the state model" },
  ],
});

These appear in prompts as [built-in] and don't require handlers in defineRegistry.

StateStore

The StateStore interface allows external state management libraries (Redux, Zustand, XState, etc.) to be plugged into json-render renderers. The createStateStore factory creates a simple in-memory implementation:

import { createStateStore, type StateStore } from "@json-render/core";

const store = createStateStore({ count: 0 });

store.get("/count");         // 0
store.set("/count", 1);      // updates and notifies subscribers
store.update({ "/a": 1, "/b": 2 }); // batch update

store.subscribe(() => {
  console.log(store.getSnapshot()); // { count: 1 }
});

The StateStore interface: get(path), set(path, value), update(updates), getSnapshot(), subscribe(listener).

Key Exports

Export
Purpose

defineSchema
Create a new schema

defineCatalog
Create a catalog from schema

createStateStore
Create a framework-agnostic in-memory StateStore

resolvePropValue
Resolve a single prop expression against data

resolveElementProps
Resolve all prop expressions in an element

buildUserPrompt
Build user prompts with refinement and state context

buildEditUserPrompt
Build user prompt for editing existing specs

buildEditInstructions
Generate prompt section for available edit modes

isNonEmptySpec
Check if spec has root and at least one element

deepMergeSpec
RFC 7396 deep merge (null deletes, arrays replace, objects recurse)

diffToPatches
Generate RFC 6902 JSON Patch operations from object diff

EditMode
Type: "patch" | "merge" | "diff"

validateSpec
Validate spec structure

autoFixSpec
Auto-fix common spec issues; classifies fixes lossy/lossless, { lossy: false } withholds pruning

createSpecStreamCompiler
Stream JSONL patches into spec

createJsonRenderTransform
TransformStream separating text from JSONL in mixed streams

parseSpecStreamLine
Parse single JSONL line

applySpecStreamPatch
Apply patch to object

StateStore
Interface for plugging in external state management

ComputedFunction
Function signature for $computed expressions

check
TypeScript helpers for creating validation checks

BuiltInAction
Type for built-in action definitions (name + description)

ActionBinding
Action binding type (includes preventDefault field)