download-webpage-as-pdf

SKILL.md

---
name: download-webpage-as-pdf
description: Save a live webpage as a high-fidelity PDF that preserves the original layout AND every image (including lazy-loaded ones) using the agent-browser CLI. Use this whenever the user asks to "download this page as PDF", "save this article", "archive this URL", "fetch this page for reference", or otherwise wants a local PDF of a web page that looks like the browser version. Especially important on modern JS-heavy sites (engineering blogs, Next.js sites, anything with IntersectionObserver lazy loading) where naive `chrome --headless --print-to-pdf` or a bare `agent-browser pdf` produces blank rectangles or broken-image placeholders. Trigger this skill even when the user does not name the tool - any request to capture a webpage's full visual content as a PDF on disk should pull this in. For reader-mode/article-only output (no nav, no footer, no manual trimming) prefer percollate instead - see "When NOT to use this".
metadata:
  version: "0.1.4"
  upstream: "agent-browser@0.26.0"
---

# Download a webpage as a PDF (agent-browser recipe)

The naive approaches fail on modern sites:

- `chrome --headless --print-to-pdf` captures only the initial viewport's images. Anything below the fold renders as a blank rectangle.
- `agent-browser pdf` immediately after `open` has the same problem - lazy-loaded images haven't decoded yet.
- Scrolling via JS and then waiting a fixed time is also unreliable - you don't know when each image actually finished.

The fix is one async script that strips lazy-load attributes, scrolls the page to trigger any IntersectionObserver-based loaders, and `await`s every `<img>` to decode. agent-browser's `eval` waits for the returned promise to resolve before exiting, so the subsequent `pdf` command sees a fully-loaded DOM.

## The recipe

If multiple test/agent runs may share the host's agent-browser, isolate each invocation with `agent-browser --session <unique-name> ...` on every command in the pipeline. Single-user one-off captures can omit the flag and use the default session.

Set `AGENT_BROWSER_HEADED=false` in the environment before running so the skill launches headless even when the host's `~/.agent-browser/config.json` defaults to `"headed": true`. This avoids popping a real Chrome window on the user's desktop while an agent is working in the background. Do NOT use the CLI's `--headed false` flag - in agent-browser 0.26.0 it parses but corrupts the session context (subsequent commands see an empty document). The env var is the supported route. To watch the run for debugging, unset the variable or pass `--headed` instead.

```bash
export AGENT_BROWSER_HEADED=false

agent-browser open <URL>
agent-browser wait --load networkidle

agent-browser eval "(async () => {
  const sleep = ms => new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, ms));
  ['#onetrust-banner-sdk','#onetrust-consent-sdk','.ot-sdk-container','#ot-sdk-btn-floating','[id*=cookie]','[id*=consent]','[id*=onetrust]'].forEach(s => document.querySelectorAll(s).forEach(e => e.remove()));
  document.querySelectorAll('img').forEach(img => {
    img.removeAttribute('loading');
    img.removeAttribute('decoding');
    if (img.dataset.src) img.src = img.dataset.src;
    if (img.dataset.srcset) img.srcset = img.dataset.srcset;
  });
  for (let y = 0; y < document.documentElement.scrollHeight + 2000; y += 400) {
    window.scrollTo(0, y);
    await sleep(200);
  }
  window.scrollTo(0, document.documentElement.scrollHeight);
  await sleep(2000);
  await Promise.all(Array.from(document.images).map(i =>
    i.complete && i.naturalWidth ? null
    : new Promise(r => { i.addEventListener('load', r, {once:true}); i.addEventListener('error', r, {once:true}); setTimeout(r, 5000); })
  ));
  window.scrollTo(0, 0);
  await sleep(500);
  return Array.from(document.images).filter(i => !i.naturalWidth).length;
})()"

agent-browser pdf /tmp/page.pdf
agent-browser close

# Verify the result
pdfinfo /tmp/page.pdf | grep -E "Pages|File size"
```

The `eval` returns the count of images that still failed to load. Expect `0`. If non-zero, the recipe didn't fully capture the page - investigate before trusting the PDF. The `pdfinfo` line is your standard end-of-recipe report (page count + bytes) so the agent has concrete numbers to relay back.

## Why each step matters

- **`wait --load networkidle`** before the eval gives the page a chance to attach its IntersectionObservers and other JS hooks. Scrolling before observers attach defeats the trigger.
- **Removing the `loading` attribute** is the structural fix. This is the same trick percollate uses internally - the most reliable way to make Chromium eagerly fetch every image.
- **Scrolling the full height in 400px steps** triggers any observer-based loaders that watch for elements crossing the viewport. Some sites use observers even after `loading=lazy` is removed.
- **`await Promise.all` on every `<img>`** guarantees decoded pixels are in memory before the eval returns. agent-browser's `eval` is promise-aware - the next command (`pdf`) will not run until this resolves.
- **Returning the broken-image count** is your verification. If it is not 0, the recipe did not fully capture the page - do not trust the PDF.

## Cleanup pipeline (optional but recommended)

agent-browser saves at letter size with the page's full footer (nav, newsletter signup, link sitemap). For a clean archive:

```bash
# 1. Inspect total page count and visually identify which trailing pages are footer
pdfinfo /tmp/page.pdf | grep Pages

# Use the Read tool on the PDF to see the last few pages and decide where the article ends.

# 2. Trim footer pages. The "1-9" below is illustrative ONLY - replace with the
#    article's actual range from pdfinfo + visual inspection. Do not copy this verbatim.
qpdf /tmp/page.pdf --pages . 1-9 -- /tmp/page-trimmed.pdf

# 3. Compress (typically 60-70% reduction with images intact)
gs -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dCompatibilityLevel=1.4 -dPDFSETTINGS=/ebook \
   -dNOPAUSE -dQUIET -dBATCH \
   -sOutputFile=/path/to/final.pdf /tmp/page-trimmed.pdf
```

`-dPDFSETTINGS=/ebook` keeps images legible at roughly half the raw size. `/screen` is smaller but blurrier; use only when size matters more than legibility.

## When NOT to use this

- **Reader-mode / article-only output** (no nav, no footer, no manual trimming, just the article body and its images): use `npx percollate pdf <URL> -o out.pdf` instead. percollate runs Mozilla Readability + Puppeteer and auto-strips chrome. It also handles lazy-load via DOM preprocessing rather than scroll hacks. Slower (~10s) but zero trimming work and very robust on unknown URLs. Pair with `--no-hyphenate --css "@page { size: A4; margin: 18mm; } a[href]::after { content: none !important; }"` to suppress the inlined-URL-after-link default.
- **Single-page screenshot (not paginated)**: use `agent-browser screenshot --full-page` instead.
- **HTML archive with all assets bundled**: use `monolith` or `single-file CLI`. PDFs lose interactivity.
- **Server-rendered HTML you control** (no JS): WeasyPrint is faster and simpler.

## Picking between agent-browser and percollate

When the user does not specify, default to **percollate** for "save this for archival reference" - it's idiot-proof and handles unknown URLs without manual trimming. Use **agent-browser** (this skill) when the user explicitly wants the page to look like the browser version, or when the page is not article-shaped (a tool, dashboard, marketing page, portfolio) where Mozilla Readability would strip out content the user actually wants.