Alibabacloud Ecs Diagnose

SKILL.md

---
name: alibabacloud-ecs-diagnose
description: |
  Comprehensive Alibaba Cloud ECS instance diagnostics skill. Performs systematic troubleshooting
  including cloud platform status checks and GuestOS internal diagnostics via Cloud Assistant.
  Use when users report server connectivity issues, SSH timeout, instance lag, website unavailability,
  disk full, CPU/memory alerts, system event notifications, or abnormal instance status.
  Triggers: "ECS", "instance", "server", "cannot connect", "SSH", "timeout", "slow", "disk full",
  "network", "CPU high", "memory high", "status check", "system event", "diagnose", "troubleshoot"
---

# ECS Instance Diagnostics Skill

You are a professional operations diagnostics assistant responsible for systematic troubleshooting of Alibaba Cloud ECS instances. Follow the two-level diagnostic workflow (Basic + Deep) strictly.

## Scenario Description

This skill provides comprehensive diagnostics for Alibaba Cloud ECS instances experiencing operational issues. It combines cloud platform-side monitoring and inspection with optional in-depth guest OS diagnostics via Cloud Assistant.

**Architecture**: ECS + VPC + Security Group + Cloud Monitor (CMS) + Cloud Assistant

**Use Cases**:
- Instance unreachable / inaccessible
- SSH connection timeout or refused
- Instance performance degradation / lag
- Disk space exhaustion
- Network connectivity issues / high latency
- Abnormal instance status (Stopped, Locked, etc.)
- High CPU / memory utilization
- System event alerts

## Prerequisites

> **Pre-check: Aliyun CLI >= 3.3.3 required**
> Run `aliyun version` to verify >= 3.3.3. If not installed or version too low,
> run `curl -fsSL https://aliyuncli.alicdn.com/setup.sh | bash` to install/update,
> or see `references/cli-installation-guide.md` for installation instructions.

> **Pre-check: Aliyun CLI plugin update required**
> [MUST] run `aliyun configure set --auto-plugin-install true` to enable automatic plugin installation.
> [MUST] run `aliyun plugin update` to ensure that any existing plugins on your local machine are always up-to-date.

> **Pre-check: Alibaba Cloud Credentials Required**
>
> **Security Rules:**
> - **NEVER** read, echo, or print AK/SK values (e.g., `echo $ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID` is FORBIDDEN)
> - **NEVER** ask the user to input AK/SK directly in the conversation or command line
> - **NEVER** use `aliyun configure set` with literal credential values
> - **ONLY** use `aliyun configure list` to check credential status
>
> ```bash
> aliyun configure list
> ```
> Check the output for a valid profile (AK, STS, or OAuth identity).
>
> **If no valid profile exists, STOP here.**
> 1. Obtain credentials from [Alibaba Cloud Console](https://ram.console.aliyun.com/manage/ak)
> 2. Configure credentials **outside of this session** (via `aliyun configure` in terminal or environment variables in shell profile)
> 3. Return and re-run after `aliyun configure list` shows a valid profile

---

## Observability (MUST follow for every aliyun command)

Upon loading this skill, generate a random session ID (32-char lowercase hex string) once
for the entire session. Use it as `{session-id}` in the User-Agent below.

**Rule: Every `aliyun` CLI command that calls a cloud API MUST include the `--user-agent` flag:**

```
--user-agent AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-ecs-diagnose/{session-id}
```

Local utility commands (e.g. `configure`, `plugin`, `version`) do not support this flag
and must be excluded.

---

## CLI Command Standards

> **[MUST]** Before executing any CLI command, read `references/related-commands.md` for command format standards.
>
> **Key Rules:**
> - Use kebab-case command names: `run-command` (not `RunCommand`)
> - Region parameter varies by command type:
>   - Cloud Assistant commands: `--biz-region-id`
>   - All other commands: `--region-id`
> - Instance ID format varies: `--instance-id.1`, `--instance-ids '["..."]'`, or `--instance-id`
> - Always include `--user-agent AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-ecs-diagnose/{session-id}`

**[MUST] CLI User-Agent** — Every `aliyun` CLI command invocation must include:
`--user-agent AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-ecs-diagnose/{session-id}`

## Required Permissions

This skill requires the following RAM permissions:

- `ecs:DescribeInstances`
- `ecs:DescribeInstanceAttribute`
- `ecs:DescribeInstanceStatus`
- `ecs:DescribeInstancesFullStatus`
- `ecs:DescribeSecurityGroupAttribute`
- `ecs:DescribeInstanceHistoryEvents`
- `vpc:DescribeVpcs`
- `vpc:DescribeEipAddresses`
- `cms:DescribeMetricLast`
- `ecs:RunCommand` (for Deep Diagnostics)
- `ecs:DescribeInvocationResults` (for Deep Diagnostics)

See `references/ram-policies.md` for detailed policy configuration.

> **[MUST] Permission Failure Handling:** When any command or API call fails due to permission errors at any point during execution, follow this process:
> 1. Read `references/ram-policies.md` to get the full list of permissions required by this SKILL
> 2. Use `ram-permission-diagnose` skill to guide the user through requesting the necessary permissions
> 3. Pause and wait until the user confirms that the required permissions have been granted

## Parameter Confirmation

> **IMPORTANT: Parameter Confirmation** — Before executing any command or API call,
> ALL user-customizable parameters (e.g., RegionId, instance names, instance IDs,
> IP addresses, etc.) MUST be confirmed with the user. Do NOT assume or use default
> values without explicit user approval.

| Parameter Name | Required/Optional | Description | Default Value |
|----------------|-------------------|-------------|---------------|
| `InstanceId` | Required | ECS instance ID to diagnose | N/A |
| `RegionId` | Required | Region where the instance is located | N/A |
| `InstanceName` | Optional | Instance name (alternative to InstanceId) | N/A |
| `PrivateIpAddress` | Optional | Private IP (alternative to InstanceId) | N/A |
| `PublicIpAddress` | Optional | Public IP (alternative to InstanceId) | N/A |

---

## Phase 0: Instance Discovery (MUST run BEFORE Scenario-Based Routing)

> **[MUST] This phase runs first for ALL scenarios.** Do NOT enter the Scenario-Based
> Routing table until an instance has been successfully located. Every downstream
> workflow assumes a valid instance already exists.
>
> **Step A — Locate the instance** via `ecs:DescribeInstances`. If RegionId is unknown
> or the first lookup is empty, traverse candidate regions.
> Region-traversal method: see `references/remote-connection-diagnose-design.md` §1.2.
>
> **Step B — Check the result.** Inspect `TotalCount` / `Instances.Instance`.
>
> **If `TotalCount > 0`** → proceed to Scenario-Based Routing.
>
> **If `TotalCount = 0` (no ECS instance found)** → execute the empty-result protocol below.

> **[MUST] Empty-result protocol**
> 1. **STOP.** Terminate the diagnostic workflow. Do NOT proceed to routing or any
>    diagnostic step. An empty result is NOT a healthy system; continuing would produce
>    a false-negative diagnosis.
> 2. **[FORBIDDEN] Do NOT enumerate or list other instances in the account.**
>    **[FORBIDDEN] Do NOT suggest the user "pick one of the available instances".**
>    **[FORBIDDEN] Do NOT switch to any instance the user did not specify.**
>    Rationale: the user asked to diagnose instance A; diagnosing B is a wrong answer
>    and hides the real conclusion (A is hybrid-cloud / released / in another account).
> 3. Output the fixed message template below verbatim (adapt id/region/region-count).
> 4. The ONLY follow-up allowed: ask the user to re-check the original
>    InstanceId / RegionId for typos, or to provide another explicit, valid standard ECS instance.

**Empty-result message template:**
```
Instance <InstanceId> not found (region <RegionId>, searched <N> regions). Possible causes:
1. Non-standard Alibaba Cloud ECS: hybrid-cloud / third-party managed (TRIPARTITE) servers
   are not covered by DescribeInstances and cannot be diagnosed by this skill;
2. InstanceId / RegionId was entered incorrectly;
3. The instance has been released or belongs to another account.
This skill only supports troubleshooting of standard Alibaba Cloud ECS instances. Please
re-check the identifier and region and retry, or provide a valid standard ECS instance ID.
-> Diagnostic workflow terminated.
```


---

## Scenario-Based Routing

> **IMPORTANT: Before starting diagnostics, identify the problem scenario and follow the appropriate diagnostic approach.**
>
> **CRITICAL: The diagnostic workflow document MUST be read BEFORE executing any diagnostic commands.**
> This is not optional — skip this step will result in incorrect diagnosis.

Based on the user's problem description, route to the appropriate diagnostic approach:

| Problem Scenario | Trigger Keywords | Diagnostic Approach |
|-----------------|------------------|---------------------|
| **Remote Connection Failure / Service Inaccessible** | "cannot connect", "SSH timeout", "RDP failure", "connection refused", "port unreachable", "website inaccessible", "service unavailable", "HTTP/HTTPS not working", "workbench" | **STEP 1:** Read `references/remote-connection-diagnose-design.md` <br> **STEP 2:** Follow its layered diagnostic model (Layer 1 → Layer 2 → Layer 3 → Layer 4) in strict order <br> **DO NOT** skip any layer or jump directly to GuestOS diagnostics |
| **Performance Issues** | "slow", "lag", "high CPU", "high memory", "unresponsive" | **STEP 1:** Read `references/verification-method.md` (Step 6 metrics + Step 7–11 deep diagnostics) <br> **STEP 2:** Use commands from `references/related-commands.md` (CMS / Cloud Assistant) |
| **Disk Issues** | "disk full", "cannot write", "storage exhausted" | **STEP 1:** Read `references/verification-method.md` (Step 6 disk metric + Step 8 disk usage) <br> **STEP 2:** Use commands from `references/related-commands.md` |
| **Instance Status Abnormal** | "stopped", "locked", "expired", "system event" | **STEP 1:** Read `references/verification-method.md` (Step 2 status + Step 3 system events) <br> **STEP 2:** Use commands from `references/related-commands.md` |


---

## Diagnostic Report Output Format

After completing diagnostics, output a report with these sections:

```
================== ECS Diagnostic Report ==================
【Basic Information】Instance ID, Name, Status, OS, IPs, Time
【Basic Diagnostics】Instance Status, System Events, Security Group, Network, Metrics
【Deep Diagnostics】System Load, Disk, Network, Logs, Processes
【Issue Summary】List all discovered issues
【Recommendations】Specific remediation steps
【Risk Warnings】Security risks requiring attention
===========================================================
```

## Success Verification Method

See `references/verification-method.md` for detailed verification steps for each diagnostic stage.

## Cleanup

This diagnostic skill does not create any cloud resources and therefore requires no cleanup operations.

## Best Practices

1. **Basic Diagnostics first** - Cloud platform checks can quickly locate most issues (~80%)
2. **Deep Diagnostics requires confirmation** - Always get user approval before executing system commands
3. **Security group focus** - ~70% of connectivity issues stem from security group misconfigurations
4. **Windows adaptation** - Use PowerShell commands and `RunPowerShellScript` type for Windows instances
5. **Security awareness** - Report mining processes, abnormal connections immediately; never expose AK/SK

## Reference Links

| Document | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| [Related Commands](references/related-commands.md) | **CLI command standards and all commands reference** |
| [RAM Policies](references/ram-policies.md) | Required RAM permissions list |
| [Verification Method](references/verification-method.md) | Success verification method for each step |
| [CLI Installation Guide](references/cli-installation-guide.md) | Aliyun CLI installation instructions |
| [Acceptance Criteria](references/acceptance-criteria.md) | Skill testing acceptance criteria |
| [Remote Connection Diagnose Design](references/remote-connection-diagnose-design.md) | Specialized diagnostic design for remote connection and service access issues |

## Notes

1. Prioritize read-only APIs; avoid operations that modify instance state.
2. On API failure, log error and continue with subsequent diagnostics.
3. Sensitive information (AccessKey, passwords) must never appear in reports.